AP
®
EUROPEAN HISTORY
2019 SCORING GUIDELINES
Question 3 — Long Essay Question (continued)
D: Analysis and Reasoning
(0–2)
Uses historical
reasoning (e.g., comparison, causation,
continuity, and change over time) to
frame or structure an argument that
addresses the prompt. (1 point)
To earn the first point, the response must
demonstrate the use of historical
reasoning to frame or structure an
argument about the most significant
effect of population growth in Europe
during the 18
th
century, although the
reasoning might be uneven, imbalanced,
or inconsistent.
OR
Complexity: Demonstrates a complex
un
derstanding of the historical
development that is the focus of
prompt, using evidence to corroborate,
qualify, or modify an argument that
addresses the prompt. (2 points)
To earn the second point, the response
mus
t demonstrate a complex
understanding of the effects of population
growth in Europe during the eighteenth
century.
Examples of using historical reasoning might include:
• Establishing a causal relationship between
pop
ulation growth and an effect of that growth and
following through on that relationship in a
coherent argument
• Providing a broad category of effects of population
growth, and then developing
subcategories/examples in order to support a
broader argument
• Describing change over time, elaborating on the
changes and continuities that occurred over the
period covered by the topic of the prompt
This use of historical reasoning may be found within a
wel
l-crafted paragraph or part of an essay that otherwise
lacks organization.
OR
Demonstrating complex understanding might include:
• Analyzing the nuance of an issue by explaining the
mo
st significant effect of population growth, and
noting that other effects were also significant and
interrelated
• Confirming the validity of an argument by
corroborating multiple perspectives across themes
• Qualifying or modifying an argument by
co
nsidering evidence that supports an alternate
position
• Explaining relevant and insightful connections
a
cross time by discussing population shifts in
other periods
• Explaining how different countries underwent
diff
erent changes as a result of population growth,
or had differing levels of growth
This demonstration of complex understanding must be
part of an argument, not merely a phrase or reference.
Complexity should emerge from the essay’s
argumentation and use of evidence, and while it does not
have to be present throughout the essay, the complexity
point should consist of substantial elaboration.
If response is completely blank, enter -
- for all four score categories: A, B, C, and D.
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