!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
3$
!"#$%&'()
*+,)
,-,)
!*.)
/$0$'"1),22'&"34)
!"#$41(#'2$+025&05#$67718.0/.12$
94+6:$;'1< .(# 7$0$= # /"1 ($>1 '$71& '8# $
(18&=#2/0/.12$/"0/$.7$&7#($.2$=17/$
"&=02./.#7$81&'7#7?$!"#$"&=02./.#7$
;@08#$#=;"07.7$12$0&/"1'7".;A$71$=17/$
4+6$8./0/.12$.2<1@<#7$'#81'(.25$/"#$
0&/"1'B7$20=#$.2$/"#$;"C7.80@$/#D/?$!"#$
0&/"1'B7$20=#$.7$0@71$/"#$>.'7/$/1$0;;#0'$
.2$/"#$E*1'F7$-./#( G $; 0 5# $0 /$/" # $# 2 ($1 > $
02$#770C?$!"#$=17/$'# 8# 2 /$4+6$
>1'=0//.25$80 2$H #$>1& 2 ($.2$/" #$7#< #2 /"$
#(./.12$1>$/"#$4+6$=02&0@?$
!"#$6=#'.802$%7C8"1@15.80@$67718.0/.12$
96%6:$;'1<.(#7$0$=#/"1($>1'$71&'8#$
(18&=#2/0/.12$/"0/$.7$&7#($.2$=17/$
718.0@$78.#28#7$81&'7#7?$!"#$718.0@$
78.#28#7$;@08#$#=;"07.7$12$/"#$(0/#$0$
I1'F$I07$8'#0/#(A$71$=17/$6%6$8./0/.12$
.2<1@<#7$' #8 1 '( .2 5$/ " #$( 0 /# $1 >$0 $
;0'/.8&@0'$I1'F$.2$/"#$;"C7.80@$/#D/?$!"#$
(0/#$.7$&7&0@@C$;@08#($.==#(.0/#@C$0>/#'$
/"#$0&/"1'B7$20 = #$.2$/"# $EJ# >#'# 28# 7G$
;05#$0/$/"#$#2($1>$02$#770C?$!"#$=17/$
'#8#2/$6%6$>1'=0//.25$802$H#$>1& 2 ($.2$
/"#$7.D/"$#(./.12$1>$/"# $6% 6$= 02 & 0@?$
!"#$-".8051$402&0@$1>$K/C@#$9-4K:$;'1<.(#7$0$
=#/"1($>1'$71&'8#$(18&=#2/0/.12$/"0/$.7$&7#($
.2$=17/ $" .7/ 1' C$8 1 &' 7# 7?$L.7/1'C$;@08 #7 $=&8"$
#=;"07.7$12$71&'8#$1'.5.27A$71$>11/21/#7$02($
#2(21/#7$0'#$&7#($/1$(#=127/'0/#$12M;05#$
I"#'#$0$;0'/.8&@0'$;.#8#$1>$.2>1'=0/.12$I07$
(#'.<#($>'1=?$N2$-4 K A$0$2&=H#'$.7$077.52#($/1$
0$;0'/.8&@0'$>08/$.2$/" # $/# D/ A$02 ( $0 $>1 1 /2 1 /# $1 '$
#2(21/#$I.@@$0;;#0'$0/$/"#$H1//1=$1>$/"#$;05#$
@.2F.25$/" #$7 1 & '8# $/1 $/ "# $/ #D /?$!"#$=17/$'#8#2/$
-4K$>1'=0//.25$802$H#$>1&2($.2$/"#$7.D/##2/"$
#(./.12$1>$/"#$-4K$=02&0@?$$
Citing&Books&
O11F$8./0/.127$.2$4+6$5#2#'0@@C$'#P&.'#$
/"#$0&/"1'$20 = #A$I 1'F $/./@#A$
;&[email protected]/.12$8./CA$;&[email protected]"#'A$C#0'$
;&[email protected]"#(A$02($02$.2(.80/.12$1>$/"#$
;&[email protected]/.12$=#(.&=A$7&8"$0 7$; ' .2 / ?$
O11F$8./0/.127$.2$6%6$5#2#'0@@C$'#P&.'#$
0&/"1'$20=#A$;&[email protected]/.12$C#0'A$I1'F$
/./@#A$;&[email protected]/.12$8./CA$02($;& H @.7"#'?$
O11F$8./0/.127$.2$-4K$7/C@#$5#2#'0@@C$'#P&.'#$
/"#$0&/"1'$20 = #A$I 1'F $/./@#A$;&[email protected]/.1 2$8./CA$
;&[email protected]"#'A$02($;&[email protected]/.12$C#0'?$
/$0$'"1)5&&6)
7&'8"#$
%1@@02A$4.8"0#@?$The&Omnivore’s&
Dilemma?$Q#I$R1'F,$%#2 5 &.2 $S '1 & ; A$
TUUV?$%'.2/?$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
%1@@02A$4?$9TUUV:?$The&omnivore’s&
dilemma?$Q#I$R1 'FA$Q R ,$%# 25 & .2$
S'1&;?$
%1@@02A$4.8"0#@?$The&Omnivore’s&Dilemma.$
Q#I$R1'F,$%#25&.2$S'1&;A$TUUV?$
.90%1$)":#4&'$
%1@@02A$4.8"0#@?$
%1@@02A$4?$9TUUV:?$
%1@@02A$4.8"0#@?$
;<&)&')#4'$$)
":#4&'=$
O#@@A$W0=#7$X?A$02($6('.02$6?$-1"2?$
O#@@A$W?X??A$Y$-1"2$6?$93ZV[:?$
$
O#@@A$W0=#7$X?$02($6('.02$6?$-1"2?$$
*&'$)#4"0)
#4'$$)":#4&'=)$
X#'2.7A$4.8"0#@?$#/$0@?$
X#'2.7A$4?$L?A$-1'2#@@A$\?$%?A$K&2A$-?$J?A$
O#''CA$6?A$L0'@1IA$!?A$Y$O08"A$W?$K?$
93ZZ]:?$
X#'2.7A$4.8"0#@$02($)/"#'7A$
*&'$)#4"0)
=$>$0)":#4&'=)$
X#'2.7A$4.8"0#@?$#/$0@?$
X#'2.7A$4?$L?A$-1'2#@@A$\?$%?A$K&2A$-?$J?A$
O#''CA$6?A$L0'@1IA$!?A$Y$O08"A$W?$K^Last&
Author’s&Name$93ZZ]:?$
X#'2.7A$4.8"0# @$02 ($)/"#'7A$
!&'2&'"#$?)
@'%"09A"#9&0)
":#4&'$
6=#'.802$%7C8".0/'.8$67718.0/.12?$
6=#'.802$%7C8".0/'.8$67718.0/.12?$
9TUU_:?$
6=#'.802$%7C8".0/'.8$67718.0/.12?$
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
T$
B060&<0)
":#4&')
Oxford&Essential&World&Atlas?$
Oxford&essential&world&atlas?$9TUU3:?$
)D>1'($`77#2/.0@$*1'@($6/@07?$
;<&)&')8&'$)
<&'6=)5()#4$)
="8$)":#4&')
Q1$8"025#$/1$20=#$>1'=0/a$8"025#$
21/#($HC$/./@#?$
K@#8"/CA$%?$-?$93ZZb:?$
$
K@#8"/CA$%?$-?$9TUU3:?$
Q1$8"025#$/1$20=#$>1'=0/?$
;<&)&')8&'$)
<&'6=)5()#4$)
="8$)":#4&')
90)#4$)=" 8$)
($"'C$
Q1$8"025#$/1$20=#$>1'=0/a$8"025#$
21/#($HC$/./@#?$
K@#8"/CA$%?$-?$93ZZb0:?$
$
K@#8"/CA$%?$-?$93ZZbH:?$
Q1$8"025#$/1$20=#$>1'=0/?$
,:#4&')<9#4)
"0)$D9#&'$
%17/12A$!#(?$A&Draft&of&History.$`(?$
X0/"@##2$6?$L0&F#?$
%17/12A$!?$9TUUU:?$A&draft&of&history$X?6?$
L0&F#A$9`(?:?$$
%17/12A$!#(?$A&Draft&of&History?$`(./#($HC$
X0/"@##2$6?$L0&F#?$
,:#4&')<9#4)")
#'"0=1"#&'$
+0;@08#A$%?K?$A&Philosophical&Essay&on&
Probabilities?$!'027?$c?$*?$!'&781//$
02($c?$+?$`=1'C?$
+0;@08#A$%?$K?$93Z_3:?$A&philosophical&
essay&on&probabilities?$9c?$*?$!'&781//$
Y$c?$+?$`=1'CA$!'027?:?$$
%?K?$+0;@08#?$6$%".@171;".80@$`770C$12$
%'1H0H.@./.#7?$!'027@0/#($HC$c?$*?$!'&781//$
02($c?$+?$`=1'C?$
ED9#&')<9#4)0&)
":#4&'$
Consequences&of&Growing&Up&Poor?$`(7?$
S?W?$\&2802$02($W?$O'11F7MS&22?$
\&2802A$S?$W?A$Y$O'11F7MS&22A$W?$9`(7?:?$
93ZZb:?$Consequences&of&growing&up&
poor?$$
\&2802A$S?W?$02($W?$O '11F7MS&22A$#(7?$
F&'6)90)"0)
"0#4&1&%($
L0''.7A$4&'.#@?$d!0@F$/1$4#,$`2505.25$
J#@&8/02/$*'./#'7?d$A&Tutor's&Guide:&
Helping&Writers&One&to&One?$`(?$O#2$
J0>1/"?$%1'/7=1&/"A$QL,$L#.2#=022A$
TUUU?$TeM]e?$%'.2/?$
L0''.7A$4&'.#@?$9TUUU:?$!0@F$/1$=#,$
`2505.25$'#@&8/02/$I'./#'7?$N2$O#2$
J0>1/"$9`(?:A$A&tutor’s&guide:&Helping&
writers&one&to&one$9;;?$TeM]e:?$
%1'/7=1&/"A$QL,$L#.2#=022?$
L0''.7A$4&'.# @?$d !0 @F$/1 $4#,$`2505.2 5 $
J#@&8/02/$*'./#'7?d$N2&A&Tutor's&Guide:&
Helping&Writers&One&to&On eA$# ( ./ # ( $H C $O # 2 $
J0>1/"A$TeM]e?$%1'/7=1&/"A$QL,$
L#.2#=022A$TUUU?$
ED9#9&0)&#4$')
#4"0)79'=#$
L#@>#'A$4?K?A$J?K?$X#=#A$02($J?\?$
\'&5=02?$The&Battered&Child?$_
/"
$#(?$
L#@>#'A$4?$K?A$X#=# A$J?$K?A$Y $\ ' &5 =02A$J?$
\?$93ZZb:?$The&battered&child$9_/"$#(?:?$
L#@>#'A$4?K?A$J?K?$X#=#A$02($J?\?$\'&5=02?$
The&Battered&Child?$_
/"
$#(?$
*:1#9>&1:8$)
<&'6$
Dictionary&of&the&History&of&Ideas.&`(?$%.&
*.#2#'?&e$f1@7?$
*.#2#'A$%?$9`(?:?$93Zb]:?$Dictionary&of&
the&history&of&ideas$9f1@7?$3Me:?$
*#.2#'A$%?A$#(?$Dictionary&of&the&History&of&
Ideas?$e$<1@7?$
E03(31&2$D9"?
G93#9&0"'($
%172#'A$J#H#880?$EJ1=028#$
+025&05#7?G$The&Encyclopedia&
Britannica,$Macropedia?$3_
/"
$#(?$
3Z[b?$%'.2/?$
%172#'A$J?$93Z[b:?$J1=028#$+025&05#7?$
N2$The&encyclopedia&Britann ica,$
macropedia&93_
/"
$#(?:?$
!9#$D)90)$0D0&#$=)&01(C)
1.&The&Encyclopedia&Britannica:&Ma cr op e d ia A$
3_
/"
$#(?A$7?<?$EJ1=028#$+025&05#7?G$
H&'$<&'DI)
90#'&D: 3 #9& 0 I)
\&2802A$L&5"$\0@g.#@?$N2/'1(&8/.12?$
Permanence&and&Change:&An&
\&2802A$L?$\?$N2/'1(&8/.12?$N2$X?$O&'F#A$
Permanence&and&Change:&An&
\&2802A$L&5"$\0 @g .# @?$N2/ '1 (& 8 /.1 2 $/1$
Permanence&and&Change:&An&Anatomy&of&
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
]$
2'$7"3$I)&')
"7#$'<&'D$
Anatomy&of&Purpose?$$
Anatomy&of&Purpose&9D...MD@.<:?$
h2./#($K/0/#7,$!"#$O1HH7M4#''.@@$
-1=;02CA$N28?$$
Purpose.$
Articles&in&Periodicals&
6@/"1&5"$;#'.1(.80@7$0'#$8./#($7.=.@0'@C$
/1$=17/$H11 F$71& '8# 7A$4 +6 B7$7#<#2 /"$
#(./.12$=0F#7$71=#$(.7/.28/.127$
7;#8.>.8$/1$;#'.1(.80@7?$
N2$6%6$;#'.1(.80@$8./0/.12A$0&/"1'7$0'#$
20=#($HC$/"#.'$@07/$20=#$>1 @@1 I # ( $H C$
.2./.0@7a$/"# $; & [email protected] 0 /.1 2$C#0'$51#7$
H#/I##2$;0'#2/"#7#7$02($.7$>1@@1I#($HC$
0$;#'.1(?$!"#$/./@#$1>$/"#$0'/.8@#$.7$
I'.//#2$.2$7#2/#28#M807#A$.2$I".8"$12@C$
/"#$>.'7/$I1'($02( $;'1 ;# '$21 &2 7$0'#$
80;./[email protected]#(?$!"#$;#'.1(.80@$/./@#$.7$I'.//#2$
.2$/./@#$807# $ 02 ($.7$>1@@1I#($HC$/"#$
<1@&=#$2&=H#'A$I".8"A$I./"$/"#$/./@#A$.7$
0@71$./0@.8.g#($1'$&2(#'@.2#(?$
-4K$;#'.1(.80@$8./0/.127$.28@&(#$0&/"1'$20=#A$
0'/.8@#$/./@#A$;&[email protected]/.12$/./@#A$;&[email protected]/.12$(0/#A$
02($.77&#$.2>1'=0/.12?$-4K$0@71$'#P&.'#7$
8./0/.12$1>$0$hJ+$.>$/"#$i1&'20@$I07$088#77#($
*"%"A90$)
%12.#I1g.FA$W0=#7?$d ! f $40F#7$0 $! 1 1 M
-@17#$-0@@?d$Time$TU$Q1<?$TUUU,$bUMb3?$
%'.2/?$
%12.#I1g.FA$W?$9TUUUA$Q1<#=H # ':?$! f $
=0F#7$0$/11M8@17#$80@@?$Time,$20A$bUMb3?$
%12.#I1g.FA$W0=#7?$d!f$40F#7$0$!11M-@17#$
-0@@?d$!.=#A$Q1<# =H#'$TUA$TUUU?$
J&:'0"1)
2"%90"#$D)5()
9==:$)
O058".A$6@0F202(0?$d-12 >@. 8/ .2 5 $
Q0/.120@.7=7,$!"#$f1.8#$1>$/"#$
K&H0@/#'2$.2$40"07I#/0$\#<.j7$Bashai&
Tudu?d$Tulsa&Studies&in&Women's&
Literature$3_?3$93ZZV:,$e3M_U?$%'.2/?$
O058".A$6?$93ZZV:?$-12>@.8/.25$
20/[email protected]=7,$!"#$<1.8#$1>$/"#$
7&H0@/#'2$.2$40"07I#/0$\#<.B7$Bashai&
Tudu?$Tulsa&Studies&in&Women’s&
Literature$93_?3:A$e3M_U?$
O058".A$6@0F202(0?$d-12>@.8/.25$Q0/[email protected]=7,$
!"#$f1.8#$1>$/"#$K&H0@/#'2$.2$40"07I#/0$
\#<.j7$Bashai&Tudu.d$Tulsa&Studies&in&
Women’s&Literature$3_?3$93ZZV:,$e3M_U?$
G"91()
0$<=2"2$')
X'&5=02A$62('# I?$dc#0'$1 > $` 0 /.25?d$
New&York&Times$T3$40C$TUUb?$63?$
%'.2/?$
X'&5=02A$6?$9TUUbA$40C $T3 :?$c #0 '$1 >$
#0/.25?$New&York&TimesA$;;?$63? $
X'&5=02A$62('#I?$dc#0'$1>$`0/.25?d$Q#I$R1'F$
!.=#7A$40C$TUUb?$
ED9#&'9"1)90)
0$<=2"2$'$
d)>$4.2#7$02($4# 2?d$`(./1'.0@?$Wall&
Street&Journal$#07/?$#(?$Te$)8/?$TUU],$
63e?$%'.2/?$
)>$=.2#7$02($=#2$9TUU]A$)8/$Te:?$
k`(./1'.0@l$The&Wall&Street&Journal&eastA$
;?$63e?$
!9#$D)90)0&#$=)&01(C)
3?$`(./1'.0@A$Wall&Street&JournalA$)8/1H#'$TeA$
TUU]?$
+$##$')#&)#4$)
$D9#&')
L0=#'A$W1"2?$+#//#'?$American&
Journalism &Re view $\#8?$TUUVmW02?$
TUUb,$b?$%'.2/?$
$
L0=#'A$W?$9TUUVmTUUbA$
\#8#=H#'mW02&0'C:?$k+#//#'$/1$/" # $
#(./1'l?$American&Journalism&ReviewA$
b?$
!9#$D)90)0&#$=)&01(C)
3?$W1"2$L0=#'A$@#//#'$/1$/"#$#(./1'A$
American&Journalism&ReviewA$\#8# =H#'$
TUUVmW02&0'C$TUUb?$
K&&6)&')7918)
'$>9$<)
K#./gA$40//$n1@@#'?$d+.>#$.2$/"#$K;'0I@.25$
K&H&'H7A$N>$R1&$-02$J#0@@C$-0@@$N/$
K#./gA$4?$n?$9TUUbA$40C$]U:?$ +.>#$.2$/"#$
7;'[email protected]$7&H&'H7A$.>$C1&$802$'#0@@C$80@@$
K.#/gA$40//$n1@@#'?$J#<.#I$1>$Radiant&CityA$
\.'#8/#($HC$S0'C$O&'27$02($W.=$O'1I2?$
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
e$
+.<.25?d$J#<?$1>$Radiant&CityA$(.'?$S0'C$
O&'27$02($W.=$O'1I2?$New&York&Times$
]U$40C$TUUb$@0/#$#(?,$`3?$%'.2/?$
./$@.<.25$kJ# <.# I $1 >$/ " #$>.@=$Radiant&
CityA$(.'#8/#($H C $S 0 ' C$O&'27$02 ( $W .=$
O'1I2l?$New&York&Times,$@0/#$#(?,$`3?$
New&York&TimesA$40C$]UA$TUU b A$+ 0 /# $
#(./.12?$
Online&Sources&
4+6$5&.(#@.2#7$>1'$=17/$12@.2#$71&'8#7$
I#'#$(#<#@1;#($&2(#'$/"#$077&=;/.12$
/"0/$812/#2/$80 2$H#$>1&2([email protected]#$07$
@125$07$.2 >1 '=0/.12A$7& 8 " $0 7 $0 & /"1'$02($
/./@#A$I#'#$.28@&(#(?$!"#'#>1'#A$4+6$
(1#7$21/$require$[email protected]/.25?$4+6$
8./0/.12$1>[email protected]#$71&'8#7$(1#7A$
"1I#<#'A$07F$>1'$0$;&H@.7"#'$1'$7;1271'$
1>$/"#$I#H;05#?$6&/"1'7$>1'$I#H7./#7$
0'#$1>/#2$81';1'0/.127A$1'$51<#'2=#2/7$
9L08F#':?$
N2$6%6$8 ./0 /.1[email protected]# $71 & ' 8# 7 $1 >/#2$
.28@&(#$I"0/$0'#$F2 1 I 2 $0 7 $\ ) N7A$1'$
(.5./0@$1Hi#8/$.(#2/.>.#'7?$N>$0$\)N$.7$
0<0.@0H@#A$./$.7$&7#($.2$; @0 8 #$1 >$0 $h J + ?$! " #$
\)N$.7$0$7#'.0@$2&=H#'$/"0/$.(#2/.>.#7$/"#$
71&'8#$'#50'(@#77$1>$hJ+$8"025#7A$02($./$
802$1>/#2$H#$>1&2($12$/"#$>.'7/$;05#$1>$
[email protected]#$71&'8#?$O#C12($/"#$\)NA$6%6$
5#2#'0@@C$8./#7$0&/"1'A$(0/#A$;05#$/./@#A$
7./#$/./@#A$0<0.@0H@#$;05#$2&=H#'7A$02($0$
hJ+$1'$\)N?$
-4K$8./0/.12$'#P&.'#7$/" #$h J+$/1 $H#[email protected]/#( $0/$
/"#$#2($1>$/"#$8./0 /.12$H &/$2 1/$/"# $(0 /#$/"# $
812/#2/#($I07$088#77#(?$N>$/"#$.2/#'2#/$71&'8#$
.7$/.=#$7# 2 7./ .<# A$.2 8 @& ( # $/ " # $( 0 /# $1 > $0 8 8# 7 7 $
0>/#'$/"#$hJ+$@.7/.25$.2$;0'#2/"#7.7?$-4K$
(18&=#2/0/.12$1>/#2$.28@&(#7$/"#$&7#$1>$\)N7?$
/$0$'"1)
7&'8"#)
6&/"1'?$Title&of&Site.$K;1271'A$\0/#$
8'#0/#($9&7 #$2?( ?$.>$21/$5.<# 2:?$
4#(.&=?$\0/#$088#77#(?$
6&/"1'?$9R#0'$k&7#$2?(?$.>$21/$5.<#2l: ?$
6'/.8@#$1'$;05#$/./@#?$Larger&Publication&
TitleA$<1@&=#$1 '$. 77 & # $2 & =H#'?$
J#/'.#<#($>'1=$"//;,mm&'@$0(('#77$
6&/"1'?$\18&=#2/$!./@#?$hJ+$1'$\)N?$
E0#9'$)
F$5=9#$)
h2./#($K/0/#7$`2<.'12=#2/0@$%'1/#8/.12$
65#28C?$Drinking&Water&Standards?$
`%6A$[$W&@C$TUUe?$*#H?$Te$W02?$TU UV$
h2./#($K/0/#7$`2<.'12=#2/0@$%'1/#8/.12$
65#28C?$9TUUeA$W&@C:?$Drinking&water&
standards?$J#/'.#< # ($>' 1=$hK$`%6$
I#H7./#$"//;,mmI0/#'?#;0?51<m('.2F$
h2./#($K/0/#7$`2<.'12=#2/0@$%'1/#8/.12$
65#28C?$Drinking&Water&Standards?$
"//;,mmI0/#'?#;0?51<m('.2F?$
-"%$)7'&8)
F$5=9#$)
K".<0A$f02(020?$EO.1#/".87,$6$!".'($
*1'@($N77&#?G$Nativeweb?$Q0/.<#I#H A$
2?(?$*#H?$TT$c#H?$TUUV?$
K".<0A$f?$9TUUVA$c#H'&0'C:?$O.1#/".87,$6$
/".'($I1'@($.77&#?$Nativeweb?$
J#/'.#<#($>'1=$
"//;,mmIII?20/.<#I#H?1'5m;05#7m@#50
@m7".<0?"/ =@$
$
K".<0A$f02(020?$EO.1#/".87,$6$!".'($*1'@($
N77&#?G$Nativeweb?$
"//;,mmIII?20/.<#I#H?1'5m;05#7m@#50@m7".
<0?"/=@?$
-"%$)7'&8)
F$5=9#$)<9#4)
:060&<0)
":#4&')
E4#(.0$S.02/7?G$Frontline,&The&
Merchants&of&Cool?$%OK$)2@.2#A$TUU3?$
*#H?$b$c#H?$TUUV?$
4#(.0$5.02/7?$9TUU3:?$Frontline:&The&
Merchants&of&Cool?$J#/'.#<#($>' 1=$%OK$
"//;,mmIII?;H7?1'5mI5H"m;05#7m>'12
/@.2#m7"1I7m8 11 @m5.02 /7m$$
E4#(.0$S.02/7?G$Frontline,&The&Merchants&of&
Cool?$
"//;,mmIII?;H7?1'5mI5H"m;05#7m>'12/@.2#m
L8"%$ )7' &8)")
S1C0A$c'028.781?$The&Family&of&Charles&
S1C0A$c?$93[UU:?$!"#$>0=.@C$1>$-"0'@#7$Nf?$
S1C0A$c'028.781?$The&Family&of&Charles&IV?$
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
_$
F$5=9#$)
IV?$3[UU?$4&7#1$Q0 8.1 2 0 @$(# @$%' 0( 1 A$
40('.(?$Museo&National&del&Prado?$
*#H?$TT$40C$TUUV?$
$
Museo&National&del&Prado?$J#/'.#<#($
>'1=$
"//;,mmIII?=#/=&7#&=?1'5m/10"m"(
m51C0m"(o51C0?"/= $
4&7#1$Q08.120@$(#@$%'0(1A$40('.(A$3[UU?$
%0.2/.25?$
"//;,mmIII?=#/=&7#&=?1'5m/10"m"(m51C
0m"(o51C0?"/=$
@0190$)5&&6)
4.@/12A$W1"2?$Paradise&Lost:&Book&I.&
Poetryfoundation.org?$%1#/'C$
c1&2(0/.12A$TUU[?$*#H?$3e$\#8?$
TUU[?$
4.@/12A$W?$93VVb:?$%0'0(.7#$@17/,$O11F$N?$
Poetry&Foundation.$J#/'.#<#($>'1=$
"//;,mmIII?;1#/'C>1&2(0/.12?1'5m0'8
".<#m;1#=?"/=@p.(q3beUUT$
4.@/12A$W1"2?$Paradise&Lost?$-./C$02($\0/#$1>$
)'.5.20@$%&[email protected]/.12?$
"//;,mmIII?;1#/'C>1&2(0/.12?1'5m0'8".<#m
;1#=?"/=@p.(q3beUUT$
-&'#9&0)&7)"0)
&0190$)5&&6)
6(0=7A$L#2'C?$E\.;@1=08C?G$The&
Education&of&Henry&Adams?$OC$6(0 = 7 ?$
O17/12,$L1&5"/12A$3Z3[?$Q?$;05?$
Bartleby.com:&Great&Books&Online?$
*#H?$[$W02$TUUb?$
6(0=7A$L?$93Z3[:?$E\.;@1=08C?G$!"#$
#(&80/.12$1>$"#2'C$0(0=7?$
Bartleby.com:&Great&Books&Online?$
J#/'.#<#($>'1=$
"//;,mmIII?H0'/@#HC?81=m3_Zm[?"/=@$
6(0=7A$L#2'C?$E\.;@1=08C?G$The&Education&of&
Henry&Adams?$J#;'.2/$1 >$/" #$3 Z3 [ $#( ./.1 2 A$
O0'/@#HC?81=,$S'#0/$O11F7$)[email protected]#?$
"//;,mmIII?H0'/@#HC?81=m3_Zm[?"/=@$
,'#931$)90)"0)
&0190$)M&:'0"1)
O#2/A$L#2'C$`?$d%'1>#[email protected]0/.12$1>$
/"#$%"?\?$\#5'# #?G$The&Journal&of&
Higher&Education&30?]$93Z_Z:,$3eUM
3e_?$*#H?$_$\#8?$TUU[?$
O#2/A$L?$93Z_Z:?$%'1>#[email protected]/.1 2$1 >$
/"#$%"?\?$(#5'# #?$The&Journal&of&Higher&
EducationA$]U?]A$3eUM3e_?$
"//;,mm(D?(1.?1'5m3U?T]Ubm3Zb[T[V?$
O#2/A$L#2'C$`?$d%'1>#[email protected]0/.12$1>$/"#$
%"?\?$\#5'##?G$!"#$W1&'20@$1>$L.5"#'$
`(&80/.12$]UA$21?$]$93Z_Z:,$3eUM3e_?$
688#77#($\#8#=H#'$_A$TUU[?$
"//;,mmIII?i7/1'?1'5m7/0H@#m3Zb[T[V?$
,'#931$)90)"0)
&0190$)
8"%"A90$?)
0$<=2"2$')
O#'27/#.2A$40'F?$d3U$!.;7$12$*'./.25$
/"#$+.<.25$*#H ?d$A&List&Apart:&For&
People&Who&Make&Websites?$6$+.7/$
6;0'/$405?A$3V$6&5?$TUUT?$*#H?$e$
40C$TUUZ?$
O#'27/#.2A$4?$9TUUT:?$3U$/.;7$12$I'./.25$
/"#$@.<.25$I#H?$A&List&Apart:&For&People&
Who&Make&Websites?$J#/'.#<#($>'1=$
"//;,mmIII?0@.7/0;0'/?81=m0'/.8@#7mI'
./#@.<.25$
O#'27/#.2A$4?$E3U$!.;7$12$*'./.25$/"#$+.<.25$
*#H?G$A&List&Apart&Magazine?$6&5&7/ $3V A$
TUUT?$
"//;,[email protected]/0; 0'/?8 1= m0 '/.8@#7mI './#@.<
.25$
E0#9'$)51&%)
40C#'A$-0'1@.2#?$The&Checkout?$
*07".25/12$%17/A$3U$W02?$TUUb?$*#H?$
3Z$W02?$TUUb?$
40C#'A$-?$9TUUbA$W02&0'C$3U:?$!"#$
8"#8F1&/?$k*#H$@15$;17/l?$J#/'.#<#($
>'1=$
"//;,mmH@15?I07".25/12;17/?81=m/"#8
"#8F1&/m$
40C#'A$-0'1@.2#?$The&Checkout$9H@15:?$
"//;,mmH@15?I07".25/12;17/?81=m/"#8"#8F1
&/m$
N$=2&0=$)90)")
51&%)
`(./1'A$78'##2$20=#A$0&/"1'A$1'$
81=;.@#'$20=#$9.>$0<0.@0H@#:?$E%17/.25$
!./@#?G$Name&of&Site?$f#'7.12$2&=H#'$
9.>$0<0.@0H@#:?$Q0= # $1>$
.27/./&/.1 2 m1 '5 0 2.g 0 /.1 2 $0> >[email protected]/ # ($I./"$
/"#$7./#$97;1271'$1 '$;& [email protected]"# ':?$
*'./#'B7$20=#?$9\0/#$1>$;17/:?$K&Hi#8/$1>$
;17/?$k*#H$@15$81==#2/l?$J#/'.#< #( $
>'1=,$hJ+$1 '$\) N$
O@15$Q0=#a$E`2/'C$!./@#AG$H@15$#2/'C$HC$
*'./#'B7$Q0=#A$\0/#$1>$;17/?$
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
V$
4#(.&=$1>$;&H@.80/.12?$\0/#$1>$
088#77?$
!GON@*)
E%.=;#'2#@?G$The&American&Heritage&
Dictionary&of&the&English&Language?$
e
/"
$#(?$O17/12a$L1&5"/12A$TUUU?$-\M
J)4?$
%.=;#'2#@?$9TUUU:?$k-\MJ)4l?The&
American&Heritage&Dictionary$of&the&
English&Language.&$e
/"
$#(?$$
E%.=;#'2#@?G$The&American&Heritage&
Dictionary&of&the&English&Language?$e
/"
$#(?$
O17/12a$L1&5"/12A$TUUU?$-\MJ)4?$
EO8"91)
X&2F0A$62('#I?$dJ#,$41(#'2.7/$
+./#'0/&'#?d$4#7705#$/1$/"#$0&/"1'?$
3_$Q1<?$TUUU?$`M=0.@?$
P&#)9031:D$D)90)'$7$'$03$=C)
!9#$D)90)0&#$=)&01(?$
3?$62('#I$X&2F0A$#M=0.@$=#7705#$/1$
0&/"1'A$Q1<#=H#'$3_A$TUUU?$
Multimedia&Sources&
4+6$>1'=0/$>1'$=&@/.=#(.0$71&'8#7$
'#P&.'#7$0$=# (.& = $(# 78'.; /.12 $0/$/"#$
#2($1>$/"#$8./0/.12?$c.@=A$\f\A$'0(.1A$
*#HA$0$;#'>1'=028#A$02($1/"#'$
(#78'.;/.127$7"1&@($H#$&7#($/1$.2(.80/#$
/"#$/C;#$1>$=& @/.=# (.0 $/"0/$.7$H# .25$
'#>#'#28#(?$
`@#8/'12.8$71&'8#7$.2$6%6$>1'=0/$= 0C$
.28@&(#$0 $( .5 ./0 @$1 Hi# 8 /$.( # 2/ .>.# '$9\ )N:$
2&=H#'?$*"#2$0$\)N$.7$#<.(#2/A$./$=0 C$
H#$&7#($.2$;@08#$1>$0$hJ+$0(('#77?$62$
[email protected]#$71&'8#$7"1&@($.28@&(#$#./"#'$0$
\)N$1'$0$hJ+?$
*"#2$8./.25$02$.2/#'2#/$71&'8#$.2$-4K$>1'=0/A$
.28@&(#$0 7 $= & 8 " $.2> 1' = 0 /.1 2 $0 7$.7 $0 <0 .@0 H@# $
'#50'(.25$0&/" 1'A$7./#$/./@#A$7./#$7;1 2 71'A$02 ($
02C$0<0.@0H@#$hJ+?$62$088#77$(0/#$.7$21/$
2##(#($.2$-4K$>1'=0//.25?$$
Q9D$&)&')7918)
An&Inconven ien t &Truth?$\.'?$\ 0<.( $
S&55#2"#.=?$Q0''?$6@$S1'#?$$
%0'0=1&2/A$TUUV?$\f\?$
S&55#2"#.=A$\?$9\.'#8/1':A$Y$O#2(#'A$+?$
9%'1(&8#':?$9TUU V:?$ An&inconvenient&
truth&k\f\l?$h 2 ./# ($K /0 /# 7,$%0 '0 = 1 & 2/ $
L1=#$`2/#'/0.2=#2/?$
An&Inconvenient&Truth.$h2./#($K/0/#7,$
%0'0=1&2/$L1=#$`(&80/.12A$TUUV?$\f\A$Ze$
=.2?)
-&D3"=#?)
R&:;:5$)
4&';"CA$O#/"?$E!.;7$>1'$0$S11($%'1>.@#$
%.#8#?G$Project:&Report?$R1&!&H#A$b$
K#;/?$TUU[?$*#H?$3Z$K#;/?$TUU[?$
4&';"CA$O?$9TUU[A$K#;/#=H#'$3Z:?$!.;7$
>1'$0$511($;'1 >.@#$;.#8 #?G$kR1 & !& H# l?&
Project:&Report?$J#/'.#<#( $>'1 =$
"//;,mmIII?C1&/&H#?81=mI0/8"p<q8&
6Tf8(POZFm$
4&';"CA$O#/"?$E!.;7$>1'$0$S11($%'1>.@#$%.#8#?G$
Project:&Report?$R1&!&H # ?$
"//;,mmIII?C1&/&H#?81=mI0/8"p<q8&6Tf8
(POZFm$
+$3#:'$?)
-:5193)"DD'$==)
!#;@.2A$+.2(0$6?$#/?$0@?$E`0'@C$f.1@#2/$
\#0/"$.2$\#@.2P&#2/$R1&/",$6$
%'17;#8 /.<#$+1 25./& (.2 0@$K/& (C ?G$
622&0@$4##/.25$1>$/"#$6=#'.802$
%7C8"1@15CM+0IMK18.#/C?$+0$W1@@0A$
-0@.>1'2.0?$40'8"A$TUU_?$%'#7#2/0/.12?$
!#;@.2A$+?$6?A$48-@#@@02(A$S?$4?A$6H'0=A$
X?$4?A$Y$*07"H&'2A$W?$W?$9TUU_:?$`0'@C$
<.1@#2/$(#0/"$.2$(#@.2P&#2/$C1&/",$0$
;'17;#8/.<#$@125./&(.20@$7/&(C?$
k%'#7#2/0 /.1 2l?$Paper&presented&at&the&
Annual&Meeting&of&the&American&
Psychology[Law[Society.$+0$W1@@0A$-6?$
!#;@.2A$+.2(0$6?A$S 0 ' C $4?$48-@ # @@0 2 ( A$X 0 ' # 2 $4?$
6H'0=A$02($W0712$W?$*07"H&'2?$E`0'@C$
f.1@#2/$\#0/"$.2$\#@.2P&#2/$R1&/",$6$
%'17;#8/.<#$+125./&(.20@$K/&(C?G$%0;#'$
;'#7#2/#($0/$/"#$622&0@$4##/.25$1>$/"#$
6=#'.802$%7C8"1@15CM+0IMK18.#/CA$+0$W1@@0A$
-6A$40'8"$TUU_?$
Other&Sources&
$
$
$
;4$)-:'D:$)
O'.g##A$6@@#2A$02($`@C770 $! 0 ' ( .> >?$E c 1 & ' $
O'.g##A$6?A$Y$!0'(.>>A$`?$9TU3UA$6;'.@$b:?$
O'.g##A$6@@#2A$02($`@C770$!0'(.>>?$Ec1&'$40.2$
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
b$
@F+)
40.2$-1=;12#2/7$>1'$`>>#8/.<#$
)&/@.2#7G?$Purdue&Online&Writing&Lab.&
%&'(&#$h2.<#'7./CA$b$6;'.@A$TU3U?$*#H?$
TU$\#8?$TU3U?$
c1&'$=0.2$81=;12#2/7$>1'$#>>#8/.<#$
1&/@.2#7?$Purdue&Online&Writing&Lab?$
J#/'.#<#($>'1=$
"//;,mm1I@?#[email protected]"?;&'(&#?#(&m1I@m'#7
1&'8#m_eemU3m$
-1=;12#2/7$>1'$`>>#8/.<#$)&/@.2#7G?$Purdue&
Online&Writing&Lab.$%&'(&#$h2.<#'7./C?$
"//;,mm1I@?#[email protected]"?;&'(&#?#(&m1I@m'#71&'8
#m_eemU3m$
/&>$'08$0#)
2:5193"#9&0)
-12/.2#2/0@$-125'#77?$Journals&of&th e&
Continental&Congress,&1774[1789?$
*07".25/12$\-?$3ZUeM3Z]b?$
-12/.2#2/0@$-125'#77?$93bbeM3b[Z:?$
W1&'20@7$1>$/"#$81 2 /.2# 2/0 @$812 5'#7 7?$
*07".25/12A$\-?$3ZUeM3Z]b?$
-12/.2#2/0@$-125'#77A$Journals&of&th e&
Continental&Congress,&1774[1789A$`(./#($HC$
*1'/".25/12$-?$c1'($#/$0@?$]e$<1@7?$
*07".25/12A$\-A$3ZUeM]b?$
G9==$'#"#9&0)
-"1.A$4."I0?$E-12/#7/.25$Imagin a rie s $
.2$\#0/" $J ./& 0 @7 $(& '.2 5 $/" # $Q 1 '/ "# '2 $
K125$\C207/C?G$\.77?$h2.<#'7./C$1>$
-".8051A$TUU[?$*#H?$E-12/#7/.25$
Imagin a rie s$.2$\#0/"$J ./ &0 @7 $( &' .25 $
/"#$Q1'/"#'2 $K12 5$\ C2 07/C?G$
-"1.A$4?$9TUU[:?$-12/#7/.25$.=05.20'.#7$
.2$(#0/" $'./& 0 @7$( & '.2 5 $/" # $2 1 '/" # '2 $
7125$(C207/C$9\18/1 '0@$(.77# '/0/.12 :?$
6<0.@0H@#$>'1=$%'1r&#7/$(0/0H07#?$
966!$]]UU eT V:?$
-"1.A$4."I0?$E-12/#7/.25$Imagin a rie s $.2 $\ # 0 /" $
J./&0@7$(&'.25$/"#$Q1'/"#'2$K125$\C207/C?G$
%"\$(.77?A$h2.<#'7./C$1>$-".8051A$TUU[?$
%'1r&#7/$96$6!$]]UUeTV:?$
L0O;$S#)!9#"#9&0=)
$
$
$
Citing&Books&
)
+.F#$=17/$71&'8#$(18&=#2/0/.12$
7C7/#=7A$4+6$&7#7$.2M/#D/$8./0 /.127$/1$
5.<#$'#0(#'7$.2>1'=0/.12$02($(.'#8/7$
'#0(#'7$/1$/"#$= 1 '#$7; #8.>.8$* 1 'F7$
-./#($;05#$7"1&@($0$'#0(#'$I02/$/1$
;&'7&#$0$71&'8#$>&'/"#'?$S#2#'0@@CA$4+6$
.2M/#D/$8./0/.12 $'#P& .'#7$ 02 $0&/"1'$20=#$
02($0$;05#$2&=H#'$I"#'#$/"#$
.2>1'=0 /.1 2$H#.25$8./#($802$H#$>1&2(?$
-./0/.127$802$H#$>1'=0//#($.2$0$<0'.#/C$
1>$I0C7?$$
6%6$0((7$/1$4+6$7/C@#$HC$.28@&(.25$02$
0&/"1'$20=#97:A$;05#$2&=H#'97:A$02($
(0/#?$!"#$(0/#$.7$5#2#'0@@C$;'1<.(#($
;0'#2/"#/.80@@C$I"#2#<# '$/"# $
0&/"1'B797B:$20=#97:$.790'#:$5.<#2$I".@#$
;05#$2&=H#'7$0@I0C7$0;;#0'$0/$/"#$#2($
1>$/"#$7#2/#28#?$!"#$(0/#$.7$.=;1'/02/$
.2$718.0@$78 .# 2 8# $H #8 0 &7 # $./$" # @; 7$
(#=127/'0/#$/"#$'#@#<028#$92#I2#77:$
1>$/"#$I1'F$H#.25$8./#(?$
c11/21/#7$1'$#2(21/#7$0'#$&7#($I"#2 $8./.25$
I./".2$/"#$/#D/$1>$0$-4K$>1'=0//#($(18&=#2/?$
!"#7#$21/#7$(1$21/$/0F#$/"#$;@08#$1>$/"#$>.20@$
[email protected]'0;"C$;05#a$.27/#0(A$#2(21/#7$02($
>11/21/#7$I 1 'F$/1$7/'# 25 /"# 2$0$( 18 &= # 2/B7$
8'#(.H.@./C$HC$;'1<.(.25$7;#8.>.8$71&'8#$
.2>1'=0 /.1 2 $0 /$/" #$H 1//1 = $1>$/"# $;05 #$1'$.2$0$
7#;0'0/#$21/#7$7#8/.12$>1'$'#0( #'7$/1 $'#<.#I ?$
c11/21/#7$.2$-4K$7/C@#$5#2#'0@@C$.28@&(#$/"#$
0&/"1'$20=#A$/"#$;&[email protected]0/.12$/./@#A$;&[email protected]/.12$
(0/#$02($;&H@.7"#'$.2>1'=0/.12$9.>$H#.25$8./#($
>1'$/"#$>.'7/$/.=#:A$07$I# @@$07$0$; 05# $2&= H#'?$
,:#4&')0"8$D)
90)")=9%0" 1)
24'"=$)
%".@171;"#'$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'$'#>#'7$/1$
/".7$;"#21= # 21 2$07 $0$E8& = &@0/.<# $
81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$#<.(#28#G$9eZ:?$
%".@171;"#'$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'$93ZV3:$
'#>#'7$/1$/".7$;"#2 1= # 21 2 $07$0$
E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$#<.(#28#G$
9;?$eZ:?$
%".@171;"#'$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'$'#>#'7$/1$/".7$
;"#21=#212$07$0$E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$
1>$#<.(#28#?G
3T$
$
940/8"$2& = H #'$93T :$/1$#2 (2 1 /#$0/$/"# $H1 //1=$
1>$/"#$;05#:$
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
[$
3T?$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'A$World&Hypotheses$
9+17$625#@#7 ,$h2 .<#'7 ./C$1>$-0 @.>1'2 .0$%'# 77A$
3ZV3:A$eZ?$
,:#4&')0&#)
0"8$D)90)")
=9%0"1)24'"=$)
!".7$;"#21=#212$.7$H#7/$'#>#''#($/1$07$
0$E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$
#<.(#28#G$9%#;;#'$eZ:?$
!".7$;"#21=#212$.7$H#7/$'#>#''#($/1$07$
0$E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$
#<.(#28#G$9%#;;#'A$3ZV3A$;?$$eZ:?$
!".7$;"#21=#212$.7$H#7/$'#>#''#($/1$07$0$
E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$#<.(#28#?G
3T$
$
3T?$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'A$World&Hypotheses$
9+17$625#@#7 ,$h2 .<#'7 ./C$1>$-0 @.>1'2 .0$%'# 77A$
3ZV3:A$eZ?$
B060&<0)
":#4&'))
!".7$;"#21=#212$.7$H#7/$'#>#''#($/1$07$
0$E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$
#<.(#28#G$9World&Hypotheses$eZ:?$
!".7$;"#21=#212$.7$H#7/$'#>#''#($/1$07$
0$E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$
#<.(#28#G$9World&HypothesesA$3ZV3A$;? $
eZ:?$
!".7$;"#21=#212$.7$H#7/$'#>#''#($/1$07$0$
E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$#<.(#28#?G
3T$
$
3T?$World&HypothesesA$9+17$625 #@#7 ,$
h2.<#'7./C$1>$-0@.>1'2.0$%'#77A$3ZV3:A$eZ?$
B060&<0)
2"%$)0:85$'))
!".7$;"#21=#212$.7$H#7/$'#>#''#($/1$07$
0$E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$
#<.(#28#G$9%#;;#':?$
!".7$;"#21=#212$.7$H#7/$'#>#''#($/1$07$
0$E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$
#<.(#28#G$9%#;;#'A$`<.(#28#$02($
-1''1H1'0/.12$7#8/.12A$;0'0?$TT:?$
!".7$;"#21=#212$.7$H#7/$'#>#''#($/1$07$0$
E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$#<.(#28#?G
3T$
$
3T?$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'A$World&HypothesesA$
9+17$625#@#7 ,$h2 .<#'7 ./C$1>$-0 @.>1'2 .0$%'# 77A$
3ZV3:?$
*&'$)#4"0)
&0$)<&'6)5()
#4$)="8$)
":#4&')
%".@171;"#'$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'$'#>#'7$/1$
/".7$;"#21= # 21 2$07 $0$E8& = &@0/.<# $
81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$#<.(#28#G$9World&
Hypotheses&eZ:A$I".8"$"#$".2/7$/1I0'($
.2$#0'@.#'$I 1 'F $07 $I # @@$9E ` =#'5#28# G$
Te3:?$$
%".@171;"#'$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'$'#>#'7$/1$
/".7$;"#21= # 21 2$07 $0$E8& = &@0/.<# $
81@@0H1'0/.12$1>$#<.(#28#G$9World&
Hypotheses,&3ZV3A$;.&eZ:A$I".8"$"#$".2/7$
/1I0'($.2$#0'@.#'$I 1'F $07$I #@@$
9E`=#'5#28#GA$3ZTVA$;?$Te3:?$
%".@171;"#'$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'$'#>#'7$/1$/".7$
;"#21=#212$07$0$E8&=&@0/.<#$81@@0H1'0/.12$
1>$#<.(#28#AG
3T
$I".8"$"#$".2/7$/1I0'($.2$
#0'@.#'$I1'F$07$I#@@?
3]$
$
3T?$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'A$World&HypothesesA$
9+17$625#@#7 ,$h2 .<#'7 ./C$1>$-0 @.>1'2 .0$%'#77A$
3ZV3:A$eZ?$
$
3]?$$K/#;"#2$-?$%#;;#'A$E`=#'5#28#AG$!"#$
Journal&of&Philo so ph y&T]A$21?$Z$93ZTV:?$$
;<&)&')#4'$$)
":#4&'=)
K".'@#C$X$J17#$02($N'I.2$*#.7#'$21/#$.2$
Going&Public$/"#$.=;1'/028#$1>$
'#(#>.2.25$#D; #8/0 /.12 7$>1'$>08 &@/C$I 1 'F$
J17#$02($*#.7#'$9TU3U:$21/#$/"#$
.=;1'/0 2 8 #$1 >$' #( # >.2 .2 5$# D ; #8 /0 /.1 2 7$
>1'$>08&@/C$I1'F$9; ?$]:?$
K".'@#C$X$J17#$02($N'I.2$*#.7#'$21/#$.2$Going&
Public$/"#$.=;1'/028# $1>$'#( #>.2 .25$
#D;#8/0/.127$>1'$>08&@/C$I1'F?
V$
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
Z$
9]:?$
V?$$K".'@#C$X$J17#$02($N'I.2$*#.7#'A$Going&
Public,$9h/0",$h2.<#'7./C$%'#77A$TU 3U :?$
H&:')&')8&'$)
":#4&'=)
K1=#$7/&(.#7$/"0/$>18&7$7;#8.>.80@@C$12$
&2(#'5'0(&0/#$;#'7;#8/.<#7$1>$
080(#=.8$I'./.25$>1&2($0$<0'.#/C$1>$
0;;'108"#7$962(#'712$#/$0@?$33:?$
N2$3ZZU A$6 2 ( # '7 1 2 A$O #7 /A$O @0 8F A$L & '7 /A$
4.@@#'A$02($4.@@#'$;'1(&8#($0$7/&(C$/"0/$
>18&7#($7;# 8.>.80 @@C$12 $&2( #'5 '0( & 0/#$
;#'7;#8/.<#7$1>$080(#=.8$I'./.25A$02($
/"#C$>1&2 ($0$<0 '.#/C$1 >$0;; '1 08" #7 $.2$
;@08#$9;?$33:?$
K1=#$7/&(.#7$/"0/$>18&7$7;#8.>.80@@C$12$
&2(#'5'0(&0/#$;#'7;#8/.<#7$1>$080(#=.8$
I'./.25$>1&2($0$<0'.#/C$1>$0;;'108"#7?
T$
$
T?$*1'/"$62(#'712$02($)/"#'7A$E-'177M
-&''.8&@0'$h2(#'@.>#,$6$-1@@0H1'0/.<#$J#;1'/$
12$*0C7$I./"$680(#=.8$*1'(7AG$College&
Composition&and&Communication$e3A$21?$3?$
!&'2&'"#$)
":#4&')
!"#$6=#'.802$%7C8"1@15.80@$
67718.0/.12B7$7/&(C$(#=127/'0/#($/"#$
7.52.>.802/$'1@#$1>$;'0C#'$07$0$81;.25$
=#8"02.7=$>1'$"#0@/"$9Vb:?$
!".7$7/&(C$(#=127/'0/#($/"#$7.52.>.802/$
'1@#$1>$;'0C#'$07$0$81 ;.2 5$= #8 "0 2.7=$
>1'$"#0@/"$96= # '.802 $%7C8 "1 @15 .80@$
67718.0/.12A$TU33A$;?$Vb:?$
!".7$7/&(C$(#=127/'0/#($/"#$7.52.>.802/$'1@# $1 >$
;'0C#'$07$0$81;.25$=#8"02.7=$>1'$"#0@/"?
Z$
$
$
Z?$6=#'.802$%7C8"1@15.80@$67718.0/.12A$
EQ0/.120@$!'#2(7$.2$%'0C#'$h7#$07$0$-1;.25$
4#8"02.7=$>1'$L#0@/"$-128#'27,$-"025#7$
>'1=$TUUT$/1 $TUU bAG$ Psychology&of&Religion&
and&Spirituality?$
,:#4&'=)<9#4)
#4$)="8$)1"=#)
0"8$)
h7#$/"#$>.'7/$.2./.0@$/1$(.>>#'#2/.0/#$96?$
K=./"$3Z:?$
h7#$/"#$>.'7/$.2./.0@$/1$(.>>#'#2/.0/#$96?$
K=./"A$TUUZA$;?$3Z:?$
\1#7$21/$0;;@C$H#80&7#$#2(21/#7$I.@@$
(.>>#'#2/.0/#?$
E03(31&2$D9")
J1=028#$@025&05#7$"0<#$0$8&'.1&7$
".7/1'C$9EJ1=028#$+025&05#7G:?$
J1=028#$@025&05#7$"0<#$0$8&'.1&7$
".7/1'C$9%172#'A$3Z[b:?$
h7#$#2(21/#$12@CA$(1#7$21/$0;;#0'$.2$
$
3?&The&Encyclopedia&Britannica:&
MacropediaA$3_
/"
$#(?A$7?<?$EJ1=028#$
+025&05#7?G$
*:1#9>&1:8$)
<&'6)
h7#$/"#$<1@&=#$2&=H#'$>1@@1I#($HC$/"#$
;05#$2&=H#'$.2$/"#$8./0/.12A$#?5?A$9T,$
33Z:?$
h7#$/"#$;05#$2&=H# '$02( $(0 /#a$.2(.80 /#$
/"#$<1@&=# $.2$/"#$'#># '#2 8# $7#8/.1 2$
12@C?$
3U?$%".@@.;$%?$*#.2#'A$Dictionary&of&the&
History&of&IdeasA$V$<1@7A$9-"0'@#7$K 8 '.H 2#'$02($
K127A$TUUe:?$
;<&)&')8&'$)
<&'6=)90)#4$)
="8$)
2"'$0#4$=$=)
402C$3Z
/"
$8#2/&'C$6=#'.802$0&/"1'7$
21/#($/"#$.=;1'/028#$1>$'#@.5.12$.2$
8128#.<.25$20/&'#$9`=#'712$33T]a$
!"1'#0&$3ZZe:?$
402C$3Z
/"
$8#2/&'C$6=#'.802$0&/"1'7$
21/#($/"#$.=;1'/028#$1>$'#@.5.12$.2$
8128#.<.25$20/&'#$9`=#'712$3[]Va$
!"1'#0&A$3[VT:?$
402C$3Z
/"
$8#2/&'C$6=#'.802$0&/"1'7$21/#($
/"#$.=;1'/02 8# $1>$'#@.5.12 $.2$812 8#.<.2 5$
20/&'#?
TT$
$
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
3U$
TT?$L#2'C$\0<.($!"1'#0&A$E*0@F.25AG$3[VTa$
J0@;"$*0@(1$`=#'712A$EQ0/&'#AG$3[]V?&
,0)$0#9'$)
<&'6)
!"1'#0&B7$E*[email protected]$(#=127/'0/#7$0$
>078.20/.12$I ./"$70 &2 /#'.2 5? $
!"1'#0&B7$E*[email protected]$93[VT:$
(#=127/'0/#7$0$>078.20/.12$I./"$
70&2/#'.25?$
!"1'#0&B7$E*[email protected]$(#=127/'0/#7$0$
>078.20/.12$I ./"$70 &2 /#'.2 5?
TT$
$
TT?$L#2'C$\0<.($!"1'#0&A$E*[email protected]G$3[VT?$
F&'6)90)"0)
"0#4&1&%()
h7#$/"#$7#@#8/.12B7$20=#$02($;05#$
2&=H#'A$21/$/"#$#(./1'?$
$
!"#$@.>#$1>$;1<#'/C$.2$/"#$71&/"$.7$
80;/&'#($HC$L&'7/12B7$802(.($
0&/1H.15'0;"CA$Ec'1=$\&7/$!'08F7$12$0$
J10(G$9]]V:?$
-./#$/"# $7 ; #8 .>.8 $I 1 'F $12 @C A$21/$/"#$
02/"1@15C$1'$./7$#(./1'?$
$
!"#$@.>#$1>$;1<#'/C$.2$/"#$71&/"$.7$
80;/&'#($HC$L&'7/12B7$802(.($
0&/1H.15'0;"CA$Ec'1=$\&7/$!'08F7$12$0$
J10(G$93ZeT:?$
3Z?$$n1'0$Q#0@#$L&'7/12A$Ec'1=$\&7/$!'08F7$
12$0$J10(AG$.2$The&Norton&Book&of&American&
AutobiographyA$#(?$W0C$%0'.2.$9 Q # I$R1'F,$
Q1'/12A$3ZZZ:A$]]V?$
Multimedia&Sources&
$
$
$
Q9D$&)&')7918)
-./#$07$.2 M/#D/$(18&=#2/$&7.25$'#@#07#$
(0/#?$
$
!"#$'1@#$1>$N'.7"$>1@F@1'#$.7$(#;.8/#($.2$
812/#=;1'0'C$>.@=7$7&8"$07$W1"2$
K0C@#7B7A$The&Secret&of&Roan&Inish.$
$
-./#$07$.2 M/#D/$(18&=#2/$&7.25$'#@#07#$
(0/#?$
$
!"#$'1@#$1>$N'.7"$>1@F@1'#$.7$(#;.8/#($.2$
812/#=;1'0'C$>.@=7$7&8"$07$W1"2$
K0C@#7B7A$The&Secret&of&Roan&Inish&
93ZZ]:.$
e_?$The&Secret&of&Roan&InishA$\f\ A$( .' # 8/ # ( $
HC$W1"2$K0C@#7$93ZZ]a$-&@<#'$-./CA$-6,$
-1@&=H.0$!'.7/0'$L1=#$f.(#1A$TUUU:?$
-&D3"=#?)
R&:;:5$)
h7#$<.(#1$0&/"1'm;1(807/$20=#$02($
5.<#2$/./@#?$
$
!"#$P&.'F7$1>$7;#2(.25$H#81=#$1H<.1&7$
I"#2$@.7/#2.25$/1$;'1(&8/.127$7&8"$07$
\0<.($X#7#/#2H0&=B7$;1(807/A$E6$O.5$
O'.(5#$.2$/"#$*'125$%@08#AG$12$Planet&
Money?$
h7#$<.(#1m;1(807/$0&/"1'$20=#A$.>$
F21I2A$/./@#A$02($;17/.25$(0/#?$
$
!"#$P&.'F7$1>$7;#2(.25$H#81=#$1H<.1&7$
I"#2$@.7/#2.25$/1$;'1(&8/.127$7&8"$07$
\0<.($X#7#/#2H0&=B7$;1(807/A$E6$O.5$
O'.(5#$.2$/"#$*'125$%@08#AG$12$Planet&
Money$9TU33:?$
!'#0/$07$0$(18&=#2/$>'1=$0$I#H7./#?$$
$
]3?$\0<.($X#7/#2H0&=A$E6$O.5$O'.(5#$.2$/"#$
*'125$%@08#AG$Planet&Money&PodcastA$
Q0/.120@$%&H@.8$J0(.1A$
"//;,mmIII?2;'?1'5mH@157m=12#C$
+$3#:'$?)
-:5193)"DD'$==)
!"#$;'1H@#=$1>$<.1@#2/$(#0/"$0=125$
(#@.2P&#2/$C1&/"7$I07$80'#>&@@C$
(18&=#2/#($HC$!#;@.2$#/$0@?$.2$02$
0(('#77$(#@.<#'#($.2$TUU_$0/$/"#$622&0@$
4##/.25$1>$/"#$6=#'.802$%7C8"1@15CM
!"#$;'1H@#=$1>$<.1@#2/$(#0/"$0=125$
(#@.2P&#2/$C1&/"7$I07$80'#>&@@C$
(18&=#2/#($HC$!#;@.2$#/$0@?$.2$02$
0(('#77$(#@.<#'#($0/$/"#$622&0@$
4##/.25$1>$/"#$6=#'.802$%7C8"1@15CM
N>$&7.25$02$&2;&H@.7"#($@#8/&'#$1'$0(('#77A$8./#$
.2$I'./.25 $1 2 @C?$
$
%'#7.(#2/$)H0=0$21/#($(&'.25$02$0(('#77$12$
6&5&7/$3A$TU33$/"0/$?$?$?$
!"#$%&'(&#$)*+,$-./0/.12$-"0'/$$
$
33$
+0IMK18.#/C?$
+0IMK18.#/C$9TUU_:?$
N>$&7.25$0$;&H@.7"#($@#8/&'#$1'$0 (( ' #7 7 A$>1 @@1I$
/".7$#D0=;@#,$
$
e3?$+.2(0$6?$!#;@.2$02($)/"#'7A$E`0'@C$
f.1@#2/$\#0/"$.2$\#@.2P&#2/$R1&/",$6$
%'17;#8/.<#$+125./&(.20@$K/&(CAG$%0;#'$
;'#7#2/#($0/$/"#$622&0@$4##/.25$1>$/"#$
6=#'.802$%7C8"1@15CM+0IMK18.#/CA$+0$W1@@0A$
-6A$40'8"$TUU_?$
Other&Sources&
$
$
$
;4$)-:'D:$)
@F+)
X0'@$K/1@@#C$02($6@@#2$O'.g##$I'./#$.2$/"#$
)[email protected]#$*'./.25$+0H$0/$%&'(&#$h2.<#'7./CA$
EJ#7#0'8"MH07#($I'./.25$.2$6=#'.802$
.27/./&/.1 2 7A$H 1 /" $# (& 8 0 /.1 2 0@$0 2 ( $
81';1'0/#A$.7$>.@@#($I./"$'&@#7$/"0/$
I'./#'7A$;0'/.8&@0'@C$H#5.22#'7A$0'#2j/$
0I0'#$1>$1'$(12j/$F21I$"1I$/1$>1@@1IG$
9E6<1.(.25$%@0 5.0 '.7= G:?$
X0'@$K/1@@#C$02($6@@#2$O'.g##$9TU33:$
I'./#$.2$/"#$)[email protected]#$*'./.25$+0H$0/$
%&'(&#$h2.<#'7./CA$EJ#7#0'8"MH07#($
I'./.25$.2$6=#'.802$.27/./&/.127A$H1/"$
#(&80/.120@$02($81';1'0/#A$.7$>.@@#($I./"$
'&@#7$/"0/$I'./#'7A$;0'/.8 &@0'@C $
H#5.22#'7A$0'#2j/$0I0'#$1>$1'$(12j/$
F21I$"1I$/1$>1@@1I?G$
X0'@$K/1@@#C$02($6@@#2$O '.g ## $2 1 /# A$
EJ#7#0'8"MH07#($I'./.25$.2$6=#'.802$
.27/./&/.1 2 7A$H 1 /" $# (& 8 0 /.1 2 0@$0 2 ( $81 '; 1 '0 /# A$
.7$>.@@#($I./" $' &@# 7 $/" 0 /$I './ # '7A$; 0 '/.8 & @0'@C $
H#5.22#'7A$0'#2j/$0I0'#$1>$1'$(12j/$F21I$"1I$
/1$>1@@1I?G
T]$
$
T]?$X0'@$K/1@@#C$02($6@@#2$O'.g##A$E6<1.(.2 5$
%@05.0'.7=AG$Purdue&Online&Writing&LabA$
%&'(&#$h2.<#'7./CA$
"//;,mm1I@?#[email protected]"?;&'(&#?#(&m1I@m'#71&'8#m
_[ZmU3m$
/&>$'08$0#)
2:5193"#9&0)
6881'(.25$/1$/"#$%#227C@<02.0$
\#;0'/=#2/$1>$-127#'<0/.12$02($
Q0/&'0@$J#71&'8#7A$/"#$`=#'0@($67"$
O1'#'$.2<07.12$.2$%#227C@<02.0$"07$@#($
/1$(1g#27$1>$81&2/C$P&0'02/.2#7$.2$
'#8#2/$C#0'7?$
!"#$`=#'0@($67"$O1'#'$.2<07.12$.2$
%#227C@<02.0$"07$@#($/1$(1g#27$1>$
81&2/C$P&0'02/.2#7$.2$'#8#2/$C#0'7$
9%#227C@<02 .0$\ -Q J A$TU3 3:? $
Tb?$%#227C@<02.0$\#;0'/=#2/$1>$
-127#'<0/.12$02($Q0/&'0@$J#71&'8#7A$Bureau&
of&Forestry&Publications,$Coleoptera:&
Buprestidae:&Agrilus&planipennis&FairmaireA$
TU33?$
$
&