Maintaining the markings means
protecting the markings — this includes
keeping equipment and foot trafc away,
and ensuring construction materials,
debris, backll and other refuse don’t
tamper with the markings. Underground
facility locate markings are an important
and valuable tool that excavators must
rely on for safety and liability purposes.
The maintenance and preservation of
locate markings should be a worksite
priority for all contractors/excavators.
There will be times when locate markings
are unavoidably destroyed due to a
variety of reasons, such as the scale and duration of the excavation, the necessary equipment being
used and disregard for the markings by different companies or subcontractors working at the same
site. This is why it is important – and required by law – that excavators establish suitable reference
points based on the original markings so that they can locate the underground facilities, even if the
markings have been destroyed.
The use of off-set staking is a useful practice for establishing reference points. Using the markings
applied by locators, excavators can establish an area clear of underground facilities and away from
where the excavation will occur to set their off-set stakes. The off-set staking must be uniformly
aligned and accurately placed in conjunction with the location of the original locate markings, and
should be supplemented with descriptive documentation, including scaled and dated photos, videos
and/or other descriptive information/references. An excavator’s proper documentation of the locate
markings, in addition to accurate reference points, is a critical component of the excavation process,
which can help excavators mitigate underground facility damages and avoid unnecessary litigation.
The use of dated pictures, videos and sketches with distance from the markings to xed objects/
reference points, along with other detailed written documentation, will allow excavators to document
the actual placement of the markings. Adequate documentation of the marking before the excavation
begins will make it easier to resolve disputes if an underground facility is damaged as a result of
improper marking, failure to mark or due to markings having been moved, removed, covered or
otherwise destroyed.
Ongoing monitoring of the markings should be performed at regular periods throughout an
excavation, including continued documentation with additional dated pictures and videos. At the
end of an excavation, an excavator should have adequate documentation of the markings before,
during and after the excavation has been completed. This type of documentation can be extremely
benecial for excavators that become involved in disputes or other instances involving damaged
underground facilities. Excavators need to take ownership of their jobsite locate markings, which
have been applied for the excavator’s use. Jobsite markings are the excavator’s tools and should be
respected and cared for as such.
Taken out of context, the aforementioned requirement that excavators preserve the markings at
all times during an excavation may appear as conicting with a different subsection of Iowa Code
chapter 480. Per subsection 480.4(3)(a)(2): “The markings in this subsection shall be done in a
manner that will last for a minimum of ve (5) working days on any nonpermanent surface, or a
minimum of ten (10) working days on any permanent surface. If the excavation will continue for any
period longer than such periods, the operator shall remark the location of underground facility upon
the request of the excavator. The request shall be made through the notication center.” Read in
whole, the purpose of the code is to provide a safe and efcient process that allows excavators and
operators to perform their responsibilities with minimum interruptions. Excavators are required to
preserve the markings and establish suitable reference points, which in turn reduces the need for
unnecessary locates and increases overall system efciency. Operators are required to provide
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