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uterus as well, which were flushed out of the woman’s body because of the hostile
environment of the uterus.
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The conclusion by Alcorn and others is that since OCPs can prevent the
embryo from implanting on the uterine wall, we must reject them altogether as a
birth control method. Even though we all face a degree of risk with various
activities (being around sick people, driving a car) and that risk does not prevent us
from doing that activity, Alcorn points out that most of us cannot totally isolate
ourselves nor can we totally avoid driving as a way of avoiding risk. However, with
birth control, there are other methods available to us that are clearly non–
abortifacient. For Alcorn and other proponents of this position, the choice is clear.
Believers should reject the use of OCPs altogether.
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Evidence that Suggests No Abortifacient Feature
As with the above view, numerous scholars have argued that OCPs have
no abortifacient feature.
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Various factors contribute to the ambiguity of the
medical evidence that is cited in favor of the previous position. In the first place, no
medical study has been made of women who experience breakthrough ovulation in
order to measure the thickness of the uterus wall (in the wake of a “breakthrough”
ovulation). No one knows that a breakthrough ovulation has taken place until a
woman becomes pregnant, so they cannot predict when to study the lining of the
uterus. Secondly, breakthrough ovulation is a relatively rare event. Various medical
studies of women who started the OCPs later in the cycle than recommended (even
up to three days) demonstrate no increase in ovulation rates.
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Third, if ovulation
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Those who disagree with Alcorn and Larimore contend that the increase in extrauterine or
tubal pregnancies is caused by “reduced tubal motility,” i.e., reduced motion caused by the progestin and
that this does not also indicate an increase of intrauterine pregnancies; Susan A. Crockett, Joseph L.
DeCook, Donna Harrison, and Camilla Hersh, “Using Hormone Contraceptives Is a Decision Involving
Science, Scripture, and Conscience,” in The Reproduction Revolution: A Christian Appraisal of
Sexuality, Reproductive Technologies, and the Family, 194.
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It is interesting to note that several secular sources as well as those who conclude that
OCPs have no clear abortifacient feature strongly encourage women who miss one of more doses to
utilize other methods of birth control for the peak fertility days of their cycle.
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Here are some of the resources that explain their belief that hormone–based contraceptives
are non–abortifacient: Association of Prolife Physicians, “Do Oral Contraceptives Cause Abortions,”
http://www.prolifephysicians.org/abortifacient.htm (accessed 11/6/09); Susan A. Crockett, Joseph L.
DeCook, Donna Harrison, and Camilla Hersh, “Using Hormone Contraceptives Is a Decision Involving
Science, Scripture, and Conscience,” in The Reproduction Revolution: A Christian Appraisal of
Sexuality, Reproductive Technologies, and the Family, 192–201; Susan A. Crockett, Joseph L DeCook,
Donna Harrison, and Camilla Hersh, “Hormone Contraceptives: Controversies and Clarifications,”
http://www.aaplog.org/PositionsAndPapers/OralContraceptiveControversy.aspx?fileID=3 (accessed
11/10/09); Cutrer and Glahn, The Contraception Guidebook, 101–11; Michael Frields, “Birth Control: A
Biblical Perspective,” http://www.faithandreasonforum.com/index.asp?PageID=34&ArticleID=417
(accessed 11/06/09); Grace Community Church pastors and elders, “Planned Parenthood? Birth Control,
In Vitro Fertilization, and Surrogacy,” in Right Thinking in a World Gone Wrong (Eugene, OR: Harvest
House, 2009), 87–96; Dennis M. Sullivan, “The Oral Contraceptive as Abortifacient: An Analysis of the
Evidence,” Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith vol. 58, no. 3 (September 2006): 189–95.
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Jill L.Schwartz, Mitchell D. Creinin, Helen C. Pymar, Lynn Reid, “Predicting Risk of
Ovulation in New Start Oral Contraceptive Users,” Obstetrics and Gynecology vol. 99, no. 2 (Feb.
2002): 177–82; Kaisa Elomaa, Rune Rolland, Ivo Brosens, Marie Moorrees, Jan Deprest, Juhani